Редактирование: Белковая инженерия (раздел)

=== Бесклеточные системы трансляции ===

Бесклеточные системы трансляции (англ. «Cell-free translation systems»)<ref>Protein Engineering Methods and Applications, Burcu Turanli-Yildiz, Ceren Alkim, Z. Petek Cakar, Feb. 2012</ref><ref>[https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05431.x Cell‐free translation systems for protein engineering]
, Yoshihiro Shimizu, Yutetsu Kuruma, Bei‐Wen Ying, So Umekage, Takuya Ueda, August 2006</ref> - альтернатива получению белков ''[[in vivo]]''.

Процесс происходит таким образом: ДНК или [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%9D%D0%9A мРНК] добавляется в раствор и белки получаются без участия клеток.

     Cell-free translation systems are based on the ribosomal protein system
     of cells, which is provided as a cell extract from Escherichia coli etc. obtained as a supernatant
     upon centrifugation at 30’000 g. This supernatant contains necessary compounds for protein
     synthesis, such as ribosomes, t-RNAs, translation factors and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.