MOS
Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase mos (EC 2.7.11.1) (Oocyte maturation factor mos) (Proto-oncogene c-Mos)
Publications[править]
If fertilization does not occur within a specific period of time, the quality of unfertilized oocytes in the oviduct (in vivo aging) or in culture (in vitro aging) will deteriorate over time. Icariin (ICA), found in all species of Epimedium herbs, has strong antioxidant activity and is thought to exert anti-aging effects in vitro. We asked whether ICA protects oocytes against age-related changes in vitro. We analyzed the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and expression of antioxidant, maternal, and estrogen receptor genes, and along with spindle morphology, and the developmental competence and quality of embryos in the presence and absence of ICA. Treatment with 5 µM ICA (ICA-5) led to a significant reduction in ROS activity, but increased mRNA expression of glutathione and antioxidant genes (SOD1, SOD2, PRDX5, and NFE2L2), during aging in vitro. In addition, ICA-5 prevented defects in spindle formation and chromosomal alignment, and increased mRNA expression of cytoplasmic maturation factor genes (BMP15, CCNB1, MOS, and GDF9). It also prevented apoptosis, increased mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2L1 and BIRC5), and reduced mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAK1 and CASP3). Although the maturation and cleavage rates were similar in all groups, the total cell number per blastocyst and the percentage of apoptotic cells at the blastocyst stage were higher and lower, respectively, in the control and ICA-5 groups than in the aging group. ICA protects oocytes against damage during aging in vitro; therefore, it can be used to improve assisted reproductive technologies.
Keywords
- Antioxidant
- Icariin
- In vitro Aging
- Oocyte
- Porcine
The digestive microbiota plays a decisive role in shaping and preserving health throughout life. Rabbit younglings are born with a sterile digestive tract but then it gets progressively colonised by the microbiota of the nursing mother, by entering in contact with or ingesting the maternal droppings present in the nest. Here we posit that (i) offspring survival and (ii) lifespan of female rabbits are linked to how diverse their microbiota are. To test the hypothesis that maternal microbiota evolves in females having had different levels of offspring survival in their lifetime, we obtained 216 hard faecal samples from 75 female rabbits at ages 19.6, 31.6, 62.6 and 77.6 weeks. The annual mean offspring survival (MOS) at 64 days was calculated for each female then crossed against three alpha-diversity indexes (operational taxonomic units (OTUs), inverse Simpson index and Shannon index). Age was also analysed against these three parameters. The alpha-diversity indexes of the female faecal microbiota did not correlate with MOS, but they did decrease with age (e.g. from 712 OTUs at age 19.6 weeks to 444 OTUs at 77.6 weeks; P < 0.05). The age effect was also found in beta-diversity non-metric multidimensional scaling plots using the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index and the unweighted UniFrac index but not for MOS. The ability of the microbiota composition from the faecal samples of young females (19.6 weeks old) to predict their lifespan was also evaluated. After subdividing the initial population into two classes (females that weaned a maximum of three litters and females living longer), we found no clear distinction between these two classes. To our knowledge, this is the first long-term study to characterise the gut microbiota of adult female rabbits through their reproductive life, thus laying foundations for using the gut microbiota data and its influence in studies on adult rabbits.
Keywords
- 16s rDNA
- Oryctolagus cuniculus
- digestive microbiota
- female lifespan
- offspring survival
The white leg Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp is of importance to the eastern Pacific fisheries and aquaculture industry but suffer from diseases such as the recently emerged early mortality syndrome. Many bacterial pathogens have been identified but the L. vannamei microbiota is still poorly known. Using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach, this work evaluated the impact of the inclusion in the diet of mannan oligosaccharide, (MOS, 0.5% w/w), over the L. vannamei microbiota and production behavior of L. vannamei under intensive cultivation in Ecuador. The MOS supplementation lasted for 60 days, after which the shrimp in the ponds were harvested, and the production data were collected. MOS improved productivity outcomes by increasing shrimp survival by 30%. NGS revealed quantitative differences in the shrimp microbiota between MOS and control conditions. In the treatment with inclusion of dietary MOS, the predominant phylum was Actinobacteria (28%); while the control group was dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria (30%). MOS has also been linked to an increased prevalence of Lactococcus- and Verrucomicrobiaceae-like bacteria. Furthermore, under the treatment of MOS, the prevalence of potential opportunistic pathogens, like Vibrio, Aeromonas, Bergeyella and Shewanella, was negligible. This may be attributable to MOS blocking the adhesion of pathogens to the surfaces of the host tissues. Together, these findings point to the fact that the performance (survival) improvements of the dietary MOS may be linked to the impact on the microbiota, since bacterial lines with pathogenic potential towards shrimps were excluded in the gut.
MeSH Terms
- Actinobacteria
- Aeromonas
- Animal Feed
- Animals
- Aquaculture
- Bacterial Adhesion
- Ecuador
- Flavobacteriaceae
- Lactococcus
- Longevity
- Mannans
- Microbiota
- Oligosaccharides
- Penaeidae
- Proteobacteria
- Seafood
- Shewanella
- Verrucomicrobia
- Vibrio
The current longitudinal study consisted of baseline and follow-up surveys among older adults living with HIV (OALHIV) in Thailand. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study HIV (MOS-HIV) questionnaire. We performed multiple linear regression analysis to document correlates of HRQoL at baseline and the predictors of the changes in HRQoL at follow-up. Of the 364 participants recruited at baseline; 327 (89.9%) completed the follow-up survey. The mean (SD) Physical Health Summary (PHS) and Mental Health Summary (MHS) scores were respectively 49.8 (7.3) and 53.2 (6.4). There was a significant increase in the mean score of most of the MOS-HIV domains, ranging between 1.3 for the PHS and 26.9 for the energy/fatigue dimension. In contrast, the mean score significantly decreased by 4.1 and 10.3 points, respectively for the cognitive and social functioning. Female gender was a predictor of the decline in social ([i]β [/i]=[i] [/i]-11.37; [i]P [/i]= 0.031) and cognitive ([i]β [/i]=[i] [/i]-8.05; [i]P [/i]= 0.002) functioning at follow-up, while being married was related to an increase of in the score of energy/fatigue (vitality) ([i]β[/i] = 5.98; [i]P [/i]= 0.011) at follow-up. Physical exercise was associated with an increase in social functioning ([i]β[/i] = 9.38; [i]p [/i]= 0.042). Overall the HRQoL of OALHIV improved or was maintained over time.
Keywords
- Chiang Mai
- HIV and aging
- Older adults living with HIV
- Thailand
- health-related quality of life
- quality of life
The purpose of this research was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and functional abilities of Yi and Han elderly who resided in Yi Autonomous prefecture or Counties in Yunnan Province, as well as to compare their differences in HRQOL, functional abilities and other factors. A total of 1636 older subjects, which included 863 Han and 773 Yi, were recruited from 10 Yi Autonomous regions. Their HRQOL and functional capabilities were assessed by the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales. The Han elderly performed better in every domain of SF-36 than the Yi elderly. Both of the two ethnic groups could perform their ADL independently but the Yi elderly showed greater dependency in IADL abilities. The HRQOL was positively associated with their ADL, IADL, and education levels. Moreover, age, health insurance status, and living arrangement were negatively correlated with HRQOL. The HRQOL and IADL capabilities of the Han elderly were higher than that of the Yi counterparts in the Yi Autonomous regions. The HRQOL of both the two ethnic groups was positively connected with ADL, IADL abilities as well as education levels, whereas it was negatively correlated with age and health insurance. The elderly-care policy on the Yi autonomous areas should focus more on the HRQOL, ADL improvement, education background, age needs, and health insurance, etc.
MeSH Terms
- Activities of Daily Living
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Aging
- China
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Ethnic Groups
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Quality of Life
Keywords
- ADL
- Elderly
- Health-related quality of life
- IADL
- Yi ethnic minority
This trial was conducted to investigate the effect of mannose oligosaccharides (MOS) on the growth performance, antioxidation, immunity and disease resistance of Vibro Parahemolyticus in juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Four formulated diets were produced to contain 0.00 g/kg, 0.40 g/kg, 0.80 g/kg and 1.60 g/kg Actigen®, with functional ingredients of MOS, respectively. Accordingly, the experimental diets were named as A0, A4, A8 and A16. After 120-days feeding trial, the best growth performance was observed in A8 group (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in A0, A4 and A16 groups. With the increase of dietary MOS, the activity of the total antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas is increasingly elevated (P < 0.05) while no significant difference was observed on activity of glutathione S-transferase (P > 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were firstly increased and then decreased, with the highest values in A8 group (P < 0.05). Immune-related parameters were significantly affected by dietary MOS inclusion. Specifically, the activities of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in hepatopancreas and serum of abalone fed diets containing MOS were significantly higher than those of control A0 group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the highest values of both enzymes were observed in hepatopancreas of A8 group but in serum of A16 group, respectively. The lysozyme activities in hepatopancreas and serum of A4 group were significantly higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in A0, A8 and A16 groups (P > 0.05). The activities of cytophagy and respiratory burst in serum of abalone were not significantly affected by dietary MOS content (P > 0.05). The mRNA levels of focal adhesion kinase and integrin-linked kinase were gradually elevated with the increase of dietary MOS, with the highest value recorded in A16 group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of caspse-3 in A8 group was dramatically higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in A0, A4 and A16 groups (P > 0.05). The mRNA level of nuclear factor-κB was not significantly affected by dietary MOS (P > 0.05). During 56 h of V. Parahemolyticus challenge period, the accumulated mortality rate of abalone fed diets containing MOS were significantly lower than that of control A0 group in each time point (P < 0.05). Overall, the lowest rate was happened in A8 group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, MOS inclusion in diet has obviously positive effect on growth, immunity and disease resistance capability of abalone, with the optimal level of Actigen® at 0.80 g/kg in diet.
MeSH Terms
- Animal Feed
- Animals
- Antioxidants
- Diet
- Dietary Supplements
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gastropoda
- Immunity, Innate
- Longevity
- Mannans
- Oligosaccharides
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Keywords
- Abalone
- Antioxidation
- Bacterial challenge
- Disease resistance
- Growth
- Immunity
- Mannan oligosaccharide
Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D ) is a low-molecular-weight volatile cyclic siloxane, primarily used as an intermediate in the production of some widely-used industrial and consumer silicone based polymers and may be present as a component in a variety of consumer products. A global "harmonized" risk assessment was conducted to meet requirements for substance-specific risk assessments conducted by regulatory agencies such as USEPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), Health Canada's Chemical Management Program (CMP) and various independent scientific committees of the European Commission (e.g. the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS), the Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER)), as well as to provide guidance for chemical safety assessments under REACH in Europe. This risk assessment incorporates global exposure information combined with a Monte Carlo analysis to determine the most significant routes of exposure. Utilization of a multi-species, multi-route physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was included to estimate internal dose metrics, benchmark modeling was used to determine a point of departure (POD), and a margin of safety (MOS) evaluation was used to compare the estimates of intake with the POD. Because of the specific pharmacokinetic behaviors of D including high lipophilicity, high volatility with low blood-to-air partition coefficients and an extensive metabolic clearance that regulates tissue dose after exposure, the use of a PBPK model was essential to provide a comparison of a dose metric that reflects these processes. The characterization of the potential for adverse effects after exposure to D using a MOS approach based on an internal dose metric removes the subjective application of varying uncertainty factors from various regulatory agencies and allows examination of the differences between internal dose metrics associated with exposure and those associated with adverse effects.
MeSH Terms
- Adult
- Aging
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Administration Routes
- Environmental Exposure
- Environmental Pollutants
- Global Health
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Monte Carlo Method
- Risk Assessment
- Siloxanes
- Young Adult
Keywords
- D(4)
- Human health risk assessment
- Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
To investigate the heterogeneous factors affecting the stability of patients older than 60 years in the UI treatment with Antimuscarinics. The prevalence of Urge Incontinence (UI) in older persons reaches 29.3%. The symptoms of urinary incontinence in older people reduce the health related life quality. In 1257 patients over 60 years (857 (68.2%) women - average age 67.8, 400 (31.8%) men - 71.4), who received AM for one year, demographic, socio-economic and health parameters were studied. OABq-SF questionnaires, MOS SF-36, urination diaries, uroflowmetry, income information from the tax offices and outpatient records were used. The compliance to AM treatment within 6 months was retained in 44.2%, and within the year - 26.8% of older patients. At least 40% of the total number of patients refused to continue the treatment for medical reasons. The persons taking Solifenacin (p≤ 0.01), Trospium (p≤ 0.05), or Darifenacin (p≤ 0.05), suffering from severe UI symptoms (p≤ 0.01), and experiencing minor side effects (p≤ 0.01), well-informed about UI treatment methods (p≤ 0.01) prevailed among the treatment compliant patients. At least 20.4% of the patients discontinued their treatment due to economic reasons. The persons with significantly larger annual income (p≤ 0.05) and annual medical cost (p≤ 0.01) prevailed among the treatment compliant patients. About 12.2% of the patients stopped their treatment for reasons related to the social background and psychological status. In this experiment, we found that AM treatment compliance in older patients, in addition to medical parameters and health conditions, is largely affected by the economic as well as social, demographic and psychological factors. The study results can be claimed by practitioners involved in correcting UI symptoms in older people.
MeSH Terms
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Aging
- Drug Costs
- Female
- Health Expenditures
- Humans
- Male
- Medical Records
- Medication Adherence
- Middle Aged
- Muscarinic Antagonists
- Risk Factors
- Russia
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
- Urinary Bladder
- Urinary Incontinence, Urge
- Urodynamics
Keywords
- Adherence
- antimuscarinic
- older
- treatment
- urinary incontinence
- urination diaries
- urodynamics
- uroflowmetry
To examine the association between markers of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume in an elderly, multiethnic, community-dwelling cohort. This is a cross-sectional analysis from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), a community-based epidemiological study of older adults. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was obtained starting in 2004; the Medical Outcomes Study-Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) was administered to participants starting in 2007. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between the two MOS-SS questions that measure respiratory dysfunction during sleep and quantified WMH volume among WHICAP participants with brain imaging. A total of 483 older adults had both structural magnetic resonance imaging and sleep assessment. Self-reported SDB was associated with WMH. After adjusting for demographic and vascular risk factors, WMH volumes were larger in individuals with frequent snoring (β = 2.113, P = 0.004) and among those who reported waking short of breath or with headache (β = 1.862, P = 0.048). In community-dwelling older adults, self-reported measures of SDB are associated with larger WMH volumes. The cognitive effects of SDB that are increasingly being recognized may be mediated at the small vessel level.
MeSH Terms
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Aging
- Brain
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Female
- Headache
- Humans
- Linear Models
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Neuroimaging
- New York City
- Polysomnography
- Residence Characteristics
- Risk Factors
- Self Report
- Sleep
- Sleep Apnea Syndromes
- Snoring
- White Matter
Keywords
- cerebrovascular disease
- cognition
- sleep disordered breathing
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of narrowing step width on mediolateral (ML) center of mass (COM) kinematics and margin of stability (MOS) in young and older adults. Fourteen young and 18 healthy older adults were asked to walk on a treadmill at preferred speed, stepping on projected lines at their predetermined preferred step width (PSW) and at a 50% narrowed step width (NSW). Linear trunk accelerations were recorded by an inertial sensor, attached at the level of the lumbar spine and foot placement was determined from force sensors in the treadmill. Mediolateral peak-to-peak COM displacement, COM velocity and MOS within strides were estimated. Mean ML-COM displacement and velocity, which were significantly higher in older compared to young adults, were significantly reduced in the NSW condition while the variability of ML-COM velocity was increased in the NSW condition. A significant interaction effect of step width and age was found for ML-COM velocity, showing larger decreases in older adults in the NSW condition. Walking with NSW reduced the ML-MOS significantly in both groups while it was smaller in the older group. Although reductions of ML-COM displacement and velocity may occur as direct mechanical effects of reduced step width, the larger variability of ML COM velocity in the older adults suggests active control of ML COM movements in response to the reduced base of support. Given the effects on MOS, narrowing step width might challenge ML-balance control and lead to less robust gait especially in older adults.
MeSH Terms
- Adult
- Aged
- Aging
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Exercise Test
- Female
- Foot
- Gait
- Humans
- Lumbar Vertebrae
- Male
- Postural Balance
- Torso
- Walking
- Young Adult
Keywords
- Active balance control
- Ageing
- Dynamic stability
- Step width
- Walking
Aging is associated with a decrease in physical skills, sometimes accompanied by a change in quality of life (QOL). Long-term martial arts practice has been proposed as an avenue to counter these deleterious effects. The general purpose of this pilot study was to identify the effects of an adapted karate training program on QOL, depression, and motor skills in 50-year-old men. Fifteen 50-year-old men were enrolled in a one-year prospective experiment. Participants practiced adapted karate training for 90 minutes three times a week. Testing sessions, involving completion of the MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF36) and Beck Depression Inventory, as well as motor and effort evaluation, were done at baseline, and six and 12 months. Compared with baseline, participants had better Beck Depression Inventory scores after one year of karate training (P < 0.01) and better perception of their physical health (P < 0.01), but not on the mental dimension (P < 0.49). They also improved their reaction time scores for the nondominant hand and sway parameters in the eyes-closed position (P < 0.01). Regular long-term karate practice had favorable effects on mood, perception of physical health confirmed by better postural control, and improved performance on objective physical testing. Adapted karate training would be an interesting option for maintaining physical activity in aging.
Keywords
- aging
- balance
- karate
- sport
- training