Cryopreservation: различия между версиями

=== Perfusion ===

==== Vitrification ====

===== M-22 =====

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(Note that in cooling the patient is already placed in a sleeping bag or another form in insulation.)

=== Long Term Storage ===

[[#Whole Body|Whole body]] [[#Patients|patients]] are stored head-down so that in the event of a leak, the head remains immersed, preventing thawing for some time while the problem is solved. More over, boil off of the Liquid Nitrogen happens continuously and the liquid is only replaced occasionally; because of this, parts of the patient could become exposed to Nitrogen vapor until it the dewar is replenished. This temperature changes can cause additional damage and fracturing from thermal stress.

==== HSSV Cryostat ====

==== Upright MVE ====

==== Small MVE ====

==== Neurovault ====

The neurovault or 'cephalarium' used by Alcor was the world's first radiation, fire, earthquake and blast-resistant store of cryopatients.

==== Bigfoot ====

==== King Kong ====

The King Kong Kapsule, built by TT engineer John Day, was the largest hard-vacuum dewar ever built, and was designed to hold eleven (Whole body) patients, even though its inside diameter was only 64 inches<ref>http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/tsf/Public-Mail/cryonics/archive/333</ref>. The King Kong was put into service in 1990, when TT had enough patients to justify it. The dewar held eight patients, and never performed to specifications <ref>http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=5404</ref> <ref>http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=320</ref>. The Kong's performance was described as "subpar" <ref>John Day, TT's chief of engineering in the October, 1981 issue of Cryonics magazine. "Economics of surrounding a vacuum insulated dewar with additional foam insulation" CRYONICS pp. 13-18</ref> by Trans Time's engineer John Day, as its Liquid Nitrogen boiloff rate was 73 liters per day (1.5% of its capacity boiled off every day). When the Kapsule had 8 patients, this rate works out to a little over 9 liters of Liquid Nitrogen, every day, for every patient: A cost 300% greater than Alcor's<ref>http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/tsf/Public-Mail/cryonics/archive/333</ref>. Because of allthese failures, they never payed more than half the contract price.

==== Forever Flask ====

The 'Forever Flask' was the first dewar built by Minnesota Valley Engineering for the storage of cryopatients. It was made by welding together two standard A-8000 MVE dewars (Used for storage of biological specimens: Tissue cultures, bull semen of the Minnesota Valley Breeders Association), which had 25'' neck tube opening; wide enough, but not tall enough, for the storage of two human patients, but not tall enough.

== Emergency Procedures ==

At Alcor, in case of an emergency, all [[#Whole Body|whole body patients]] are to be converted to [[#Neuro|neuropatients]]. This would allow the current patient base of Alcor to be stored in two [[#Bigfoot|Bigfoot]] dewars.

In 1983, TT converted three whole-body patients to neuros and transported them to Alcor due to lack of funding for continued cryopreservation. (See [[#Postmortem Examination|Postmortem Examination]], [[#Ray Mills|Ray Mills]] and [[#Katherine V. Mills|Katherine Mills]]).

== References ==

[[Category:Cryonics]]

[[Category:Pages imported from Transhumani requiring cleanup]]

[[Category:Emerging technologies]]