ULK3
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK3 (EC 2.7.11.1) (Unc-51-like kinase 3)
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As a stress response, senescence is a dynamic process involving multiple effector mechanisms whose combination determines the phenotypic quality. Here we identify autophagy as a new effector mechanism of senescence. Autophagy is activated during senescence and its activation is correlated with negative feedback in the PI3K-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. A subset of autophagy-related genes are up-regulated during senescence: Overexpression of one of those genes, ULK3, induces autophagy and senescence. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy delays the senescence phenotype, including senescence-associated secretion. Our data suggest that autophagy, and its consequent protein turnover, mediate the acquisition of the senescence phenotype.
MeSH Terms
- Aging
- Autophagy
- Feedback, Physiological
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins
- Mitosis
- Neoplasms
- Protein Kinases
- Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases