Molecular Machinery - История изменений

Rodion в 12:53, 13 января 2023

2023-01-13T12:53:05Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:53, 13 января 2023
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	With practice, an experienced user can create this bearing in 10-15 minutes. NanoEngineer-1 includes an extrusion tool for creating rods and rings from a molecular fragment (called a chunk in NanoEngineer-1).		With practice, an experienced user can create this bearing in 10-15 minutes. NanoEngineer-1 includes an extrusion tool for creating rods and rings from a molecular fragment (called a chunk in NanoEngineer-1).

	~~<gallery>~~
	~~Image:Sleevebearing construction.gif~~
	~~Image:Sleevebearing pov1.png~~
	~~</gallery>~~

	The contraption with spokes connected to the inner shaft is called a [http://nanoengineer-1.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Feature:Rotary_Motor Rotary Motor]. This is a type of jig in NanoEngineer-1 that applies torque to the atoms to which it is attached during a molecular dynamics simulation, driving the inner shaft. The rotary motor here had a torque setting of 1.0 nN-nm and a speed of 10 GHz. These values are extreme and were used to produce an interesting simulation as quickly as possible. A serious engineer assessing the operating conditions of this bearing would have used more reasonable numbers.		The contraption with spokes connected to the inner shaft is called a [http://nanoengineer-1.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Feature:Rotary_Motor Rotary Motor]. This is a type of jig in NanoEngineer-1 that applies torque to the atoms to which it is attached during a molecular dynamics simulation, driving the inner shaft. The rotary motor here had a torque setting of 1.0 nN-nm and a speed of 10 GHz. These values are extreme and were used to produce an interesting simulation as quickly as possible. A serious engineer assessing the operating conditions of this bearing would have used more reasonable numbers.

Rodion: /* SRG-II Speed Reducer Gear */

2023-01-13T12:52:15Z

SRG-II Speed Reducer Gear

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 ===SRG-II Speed Reducer Gear===
 The SRG-II is another parallel-shaft speed reducer gear created by Mark Sims. It was designed and modeled completely from scratch using NanoEngineer-1 (Alpha 6). The goal of the SRG-II was to create a robust nanoscale gear complete with a casing and extended connector shafts. As you can see, the SRG-II looks every bit like a speed reducer gear. Although the casing is a single component, its atoms have been grouped into sections and hidden in the animated sequence above so that you can better visualize the casing arrangement.
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 * Steps per Frame: 50.0 femtoseconds
 * Temperature: 300K
 As can be seen from this speed plot of the rotary motor attached to the pinion gear, the acceleration time was about 23 picoseconds. The duration of the simulation was 47 picoseconds.

Rodion в 09:47, 13 января 2023

2023-01-13T09:47:21Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 12:47, 13 января 2023
Строка 28:		Строка 28:
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Crank.jpg		File:Crank.jpg
	~~File:Five-crank.jpg~~
	File:Tripod.jpg		File:Tripod.jpg
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Rodion: /* NASA's Diamond Data Storage */

2023-01-13T09:46:40Z

NASA's Diamond Data Storage

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 12:46, 13 января 2023
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	==== NASA's Diamond Data Storage ====		==== NASA's Diamond Data Storage ====

	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:NASA_data_storage.jpg~~
	~~File:NASA_data_storage_far.png~~
	~~File:NASA_data_storage_closeup.png~~
	~~File:NASA_data_storage_different.jpg~~
	~~</gallery>~~

	This could probably be implemented in Silicon using an scanning tunneling microscope to pop off Hydrogen atoms from an H-terminated Silicon surface ([[Patterned Atomic Layer Epitaxy]]), then filling the chamber with something like Fluorine radicals, or some other molecule that will deposit a Fluorine or Chlorine atom on the depassivated spots. Hydrogen is 0, the other element is 1. Then it could be read it with an atomic force microscope, as demonstrated by Oscar Custance and company in [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v446/n7131/edsumm/e070301-01.html "Chemical identification of individual surface atoms by atomic force microscopy"] Nature, March 2007.		This could probably be implemented in Silicon using an scanning tunneling microscope to pop off Hydrogen atoms from an H-terminated Silicon surface ([[Patterned Atomic Layer Epitaxy]]), then filling the chamber with something like Fluorine radicals, or some other molecule that will deposit a Fluorine or Chlorine atom on the depassivated spots. Hydrogen is 0, the other element is 1. Then it could be read it with an atomic force microscope, as demonstrated by Oscar Custance and company in [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v446/n7131/edsumm/e070301-01.html "Chemical identification of individual surface atoms by atomic force microscopy"] Nature, March 2007.

Rodion: /* Top Level: Manipulators */

2023-01-13T09:46:32Z

Top Level: Manipulators

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 === Top Level: Manipulators ===
 There's little technical information about this; only a few images and a simulation showing that the top bearing can, in fact, be used as a bearing. For now we can assume it's more of an art project than an actual, technical manipulator. The elbow, however, has an interesting geometry.
 <gallery>

Rodion: /* Microfilament */

2023-01-13T09:46:05Z

Microfilament

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	==== Microfilament ====		==== Microfilament ====

	~~{{MolmacExtended~~
	~~\| Name = Actin~~
	~~\| Image = Actin.png~~
	~~\| Author = Evolution (Earth)~~
	~~\| Date = -2,000,000,000 evolved, 1887 discovered~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = 3,350~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = 1?~~
	~~\| Width = 78.2 A~~
	~~\| Height = 73.1 A~~
	~~\| Depth = 50.0 A~~
	~~\| Other =~~
	~~'''PDB Code''': 1j6z~~
	~~\| FileName = Actin~~
	~~\| Extension = pdb~~
	}}

	== Sorting ==		== Sorting ==

Rodion: /* Force Transmission */

2023-01-13T09:45:53Z

Force Transmission

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 The following content is mirrored from the [http://nanoengineer-1.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Main_Page NanoEngineer-1 Wiki].
 The design of complex nanosystems with numerous moving parts is made complicated by the fundamental limits of chemical bonding and the possible interfaces between moving parts that can be achieved with certain nanostructures.  It is possible that this spatial quantization of atomically precise building materials may also be used to drive the self-assembly of some nanosystems, greatly simplifying the assembly process.  The nesting of appropriately sized carbon nanotubes, such as shown here, can serve as a strong driving force for molecular bearing self-assembly.
 This molecular [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_%28mechanical_device%29 differential gear] was designed by K. Eric Drexler and Ralph Merkle sometime around 1995 while working together at Xerox PARC. In the animated sequence above, you can clearly see the casing and six components of the internal assembly as each is hidden in the cutaway view.

Rodion: /* Motors */

2023-01-13T09:45:40Z

Motors

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 12:45, 13 января 2023
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	== Motors ==		== Motors ==

	~~{{Molmac~~
	~~\| Name = Drexler Electrostatic Motor~~
	~~\| Image = DrexlerElectrostaticMotor.jpg~~
	~~\| Author = [[Eric Drexler]]~~
	~~\| Date = 1992~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = 4~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = ?~~
	~~\| Width = ?~~
	~~\| Height = ?~~
	~~\| Depth = ?~~
	~~\| FileName = DrexlerElectrostaticMotor~~
	~~\| Extension = mmp~~
	}}

	=== Nanotube Electrostatic Motor ===		=== Nanotube Electrostatic Motor ===

Rodion: /* Turbopump */

2023-01-13T09:45:26Z

Turbopump

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	=== Turbopump ===		=== Turbopump ===

	~~{{MolmacExtended~~
	~~\| Name = Turbopump~~
	~~\| Image = Turbopump.jpg~~
	~~\| Author = [[Eric Drexler]]~~
	~~\| Date = 1992~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = ?~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = ~50,000,000~~
	~~\| Width = 500 nm~~
	~~\| Height = ~40 nm~~
	~~\| Depth = 500 nm~~
	~~\| Other =~~
	~~'''Blade thickness''': <1 nm~~
	~~'''Pump length (Per blade row)''': <10 nm~~
	~~'''Compression ratio''': >10<sup>10</sup> (100 nm pump length)~~
	~~\| FileName = Turbopump~~
	~~\| Extension = mmp~~
	}}

	Not much is known about this design. Macroscale vacuum pumps are limited by the vapor pressure of their lubricants. Fullerene, being a superlubricant, has no such problem, and so fullerene-coated diamondoid positive-displacement pumps can be constructed to serve as UHV pumps.		Not much is known about this design. Macroscale vacuum pumps are limited by the vapor pressure of their lubricants. Fullerene, being a superlubricant, has no such problem, and so fullerene-coated diamondoid positive-displacement pumps can be constructed to serve as UHV pumps.

Rodion: /* Abstract Sorting Pump */

2023-01-13T09:45:19Z

Abstract Sorting Pump

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	===Abstract Sorting Pump===		===Abstract Sorting Pump===

	~~{{Molmac~~
	~~\| Name = Abstract Sorting Pump~~
	~~\| Image = Abstract Sorting Pump scale.jpg~~
	~~\| Author = [[Eric Drexler]]~~
	~~\| Date = 1992~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = +3 (Rotor, casing, cam, arbitrary number of push-rods and binding sites)~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = Probably above 250,000~~
	~~\| Width = 15 nm~~
	~~\| Height = 15 nm~~
	~~\| Depth = +5 nm~~
	~~\| FileName = AbstractSortingPump~~
	~~\| Extension = mmp~~
	}}

	==== Compound ====		==== Compound ====

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 12:46, 13 января 2023
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	==== Microfilament ====		==== Microfilament ====

	~~{{MolmacExtended~~
	~~\| Name = Actin~~
	~~\| Image = Actin.png~~
	~~\| Author = Evolution (Earth)~~
	~~\| Date = -2,000,000,000 evolved, 1887 discovered~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = 3,350~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = 1?~~
	~~\| Width = 78.2 A~~
	~~\| Height = 73.1 A~~
	~~\| Depth = 50.0 A~~
	~~\| Other =~~
	~~'''PDB Code''': 1j6z~~
	~~\| FileName = Actin~~
	~~\| Extension = pdb~~
	}}

	== Sorting ==		== Sorting ==

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 12:45, 13 января 2023
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	== Motors ==		== Motors ==

	~~{{Molmac~~
	~~\| Name = Drexler Electrostatic Motor~~
	~~\| Image = DrexlerElectrostaticMotor.jpg~~
	~~\| Author = [[Eric Drexler]]~~
	~~\| Date = 1992~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = 4~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = ?~~
	~~\| Width = ?~~
	~~\| Height = ?~~
	~~\| Depth = ?~~
	~~\| FileName = DrexlerElectrostaticMotor~~
	~~\| Extension = mmp~~
	}}

	=== Nanotube Electrostatic Motor ===		=== Nanotube Electrostatic Motor ===

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	===Abstract Sorting Pump===		===Abstract Sorting Pump===

	~~{{Molmac~~
	~~\| Name = Abstract Sorting Pump~~
	~~\| Image = Abstract Sorting Pump scale.jpg~~
	~~\| Author = [[Eric Drexler]]~~
	~~\| Date = 1992~~
	~~\| ComponentNumber = +3 (Rotor, casing, cam, arbitrary number of push-rods and binding sites)~~
	~~\| AtomNumber = Probably above 250,000~~
	~~\| Width = 15 nm~~
	~~\| Height = 15 nm~~
	~~\| Depth = +5 nm~~
	~~\| FileName = AbstractSortingPump~~
	~~\| Extension = mmp~~
	}}

	==== Compound ====		==== Compound ====