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2023-01-14T13:00:30Z

Новая страница: «{{yt|QsBT5EQt348|right|right|A video from the Bill Gates foundation explaining the overpopulation myth}} {{yt|UXUkameA0r8|right|right|Another}} The subject of '''life extension''' will often bring up questions around '''overpopulation''' and the idea that such '''risks''' may go hand in hand in leading to some kind of dystopian future. == Risk advocacy == Bioethicist Leon Kass is especially critical of such technologies, arguing life extension...»

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{{yt|QsBT5EQt348|right|right|A video from the [[Bill Gates]] foundation explaining the overpopulation myth}}
{{yt|UXUkameA0r8|right|right|Another}}
The subject of '''life extension''' will often bring up questions around '''overpopulation''' and the idea that such '''risks''' may go hand in hand in leading to some kind of [[dystopia]]n future.

== Risk advocacy ==
Bioethicist [[Leon Kass]] is especially critical of such technologies, arguing life extension is [[deathism|unnatural]] and therefore undesirable.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1369280/ Death as an unnatural process]</ref><ref>[http://www.iescience.org/?p=170 The role of aging in society]</ref> David Attenborough has referred to humans as as 'plague on the earth' due to their environmental impact.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/earthnews/9815862/Humans-are-plague-on-Earth-Attenborough.html David Attenborough - Humans are plague on Earth]</ref> Some has advocated overpopulation leading to warfare, but this hypothesis has been discredited.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160603173842/http://cliodynamics.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=281&Itemid=1</ref>

Some transhumanists are concerned about the risks of overpopulation, such as when [[Zoltan Istvan]] wrote "It's time to consider restricting human breeding".<ref>[http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2014-08/14/time-to-restrict-human-breeding It's time to consider restricting human breeding]</ref>

Some [[dark green]] environmentalists believe that a growing population is too high a risk for the environment.<ref>[http://churchandstate.org.uk/2012/11/why-overpopulation-is-bigger-threat-than-global-warming/ Why overpopulation is bigger threat than global warming]</ref>

Many are concerned about the birth rates amongst the religious, however this tends to more strongly correlated with education and other factors rather than religious beliefs.<ref>[https://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_religions_and_babies Hans Rosling: Religions and babies]</ref>

== Risk scepticism ==
[[File:Population.jpg|thumb|right|Report shows the slowing in population growth with UN projections]]
Many life extensionists question such a risk from a variety of positions.<ref>[http://www.martinborchjensen.com/hypotheses/overpopulation/ Dying doesn’t really affect overpopulation]</ref><ref>[https://pirate.london/2015/09/demographic-anxiety-and-transhumanist-perspective/ Demographic anxiety and transhumanist perspective]</ref> 2010 paper by [[Leonid A. Gavrilov]] from the [[Center on Aging]] outlined a number of different life extension interventionist scenarios, none of which is projected to cause such a problem.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20426616 Demographic Consequences of Defeating Aging]</ref>

Life extension aside, many people are convinced we are headed for a global population crisis, however the demographics experts believe population is due to peak at 10 billion then decrease by all the existing projections.<ref>[http://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_on_global_population_growth?language=en Global population growth, box by box]</ref><ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3192186/ Demographic Consequences of Defeating Aging]</ref>

The attached report via the UN shows how population growth is in decline.<ref>[http://ourworldindata.org/data/population-growth-vital-statistics/world-population-growth/ World Population Growth]</ref><ref>[https://twitter.com/MaxCRoser/status/701729665849946116 Global population growth peaked more than half a century ago in 1963 with a growth of 2.22%]</ref>

The [[Life Extension Advocacy Foundation]] maintains dedicated resources explaining how an aging population is more problematic than overpopulation.<ref>[http://www.lifeextensionadvocacyfoundation.org/education/overpopulation/ Overpopulation]</ref>

== Mitigations ==
Technologies such a [[mind uploading]] may hold the potential for limiting resource consumption even under the most extreme of scenarios.

According to the Guttmacher Institute, worldwide, 40% of all pregnancies are unplanned or unwanted <ref>https://www.guttmacher.org/news-release/2014/new-study-finds-40-pregnancies-worldwide-are-unintended</ref>. The population crisis could be significantly dampened by simply expanding global access to contraception, and by social advocacy promoting the use of contraception.

== Deconstructing overpopulation ==
When faced with statistics and projections, many people still have concerns none the less. These can break down into ideas such as:<ref>[https://pirate.london/2017/01/deconstructing-overpopulation-for-life-extensionists/ Deconstructing overpopulation for life extensionists]</ref>
* General environmental sustainability - The increasing damage to the environment is cause by mankind, therefore 'overpopulation' can be proxy for 'concerns for environmental sustainability'
* [[Dysgenics]] - As archetypally portrayed in Idiocracy,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiocracy</ref> there exists in society certain perverse incentives to reproduce, such as financial and housing benefits which need to be addressed as a part of a general population strategy as anyone who's watched day time talk shows may be aware
* Penalisation of the childless - For people who choose not to have children for various reasons, they are forced to support those who do which is another unsolved problem of the current welfare state
* We are currently over capacity<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrying_capacity</ref> - Some environmental groups argue mankind has already exceeded its carrying capacity and a significant ''reduction'' is required
* Localised instability - Factors like immigration into small towns are increasingly politicised where a local services are improperly funded to handle the consequences of this
* Aging population - The population is getting older, less able to work and more reliant on social security institutions. Which is a great argument for increasing [[healthspan]], not just lifespan!<ref>http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/06/08/scientists-more-worried-than-public-about-worlds-growing-population/</ref>

== In fiction ==
[[Soylent Green]], whist not featuring [[life extension]], features [[oligarchic transhumanism|inequality]], pollution and overpopulation in a classic dystopian future scenario.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soylent_Green Wikipedia:Soylent Green]</ref>

[[Inferno]] features a nominally transhumanist villain who believes in the myth of human overpopulation to the point he believes the population is due to reach 32 billion.<ref>[http://www.rationalargumentator.com/index/blog/2016/11/inferno-overpopulation-myth/ “Inferno” and the Overpopulation Myth – Article by Jonathan Newman]</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Eugenics]]
* [[Opposition to life extension]]
== External links ==
* [https://overpopulationisamyth.com/ overpopulationisamyth.com]
* [http://io9.gizmodo.com/no-extreme-human-longevity-won-t-destroy-the-planet-1440148751 No, Extreme Human Longevity Won’t Destroy the Planet]
* [https://businessconnectworld.com/2018/09/12/the-earths-population-is-reaching-new-heights/ The Earth’s Population Is Reaching New Heights. Are We Prepared for the Consequences?]
* {{Wikipedia|Human overpopulation}}
* {{Wikipedia|Sub-replacement fertility}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Opposition to transhumanism]]
[[Category:Life extensionism]]
[[Category:Opposition to life extension]]
[[Category:Existential risks]]
[[Category:Bio-fatalism]]
[[Category:Bioconservatism]]
[[Category:Technophobia]]

Life extension and overpopulation risk - История изменений