Редактирование: PAK2

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 (EC 2.7.11.1) (Gamma-PAK) (PAK65) (S6/H4 kinase) (p21-activated kinase 2) (PAK-2) (p58) [Contains: PAK-2p27 (p27); PAK-2p34 (p34) (C-t-PAK2)]

==Publications==

{{medline-entry
|title=Targeting genes in insulin-associated signalling pathway, DNA damage, cell proliferation and cell differentiation pathways by tocotrienol-rich fraction in preventing cellular senescence of human diploid fibroblasts.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26794818
|abstract=Tocotrienols have been known for their antioxidant properties besides their roles in cellular signalling, gene expression, immune response and apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) in preventing cellular senescence of human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) by targeting the genes in senescence-associated signalling pathways. Real time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was utilized to evaluate the expression of genes involved in these pathways. Our findings showed that [[SOD1]] and [[CCS]]-1 were significantly down-regulated in pre-senescent cells while [[CCS]]-1 and [[PRDX6]] were up-regulated in senescent cells (p<0.05). Treatment with TRF significantly down-regulated [[SOD1]] in pre-senescent and senescent HDFs, up-regulated [[SOD2]] in senescent cells, [[CAT]] in young HDFs, [[GPX1]] in young and pre-senescent HDFs, and [[CCS]]-1 in young, pre-senescent and senescent HDFs (p<0.05). TRF treatment also caused up-regulation of FOXO3A in all age groups of cells (p<0.05). The expression of [[TP53]], [[PAK2]] and [[[[CDKN2A]]]] was significantly increased in senescent HDFs and treatment with TRF significantly down-regulated [[TP53]] in senescent cells (p<0.05). [[MAPK14]] was significantly up-regulated (p<0.05) in senescent HDFs while no changes was observed on the expression of [[JUN]]. TRF treatment, however, down-regulated [[MAPK14]] in young and senescent cells and up-regulated [[JUN]] in young and pre-senescent HDFs (p<0.05). TRF modulated the expression of genes involved in senescence-associated signalling pathways during replicative senescence of HDFs.
|mesh-terms=* Antioxidants
* Cell Differentiation
* Cell Proliferation
* Cells, Cultured
* Cellular Senescence
* DNA Damage
* Diploidy
* Down-Regulation
* Fibroblasts
* Genetic Markers
* Humans
* Insulins
* Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
* Signal Transduction
* Tocotrienols
* Up-Regulation
|keywords=* Cellular senescence
* Genes expression
* Senescence-associated signalling pathways
* Tocotrienol-rich fraction
|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.7417/T.2015.1902
}}