Редактирование: History of transhumanism (раздел)

=== 1900 to 1940's precursors ===
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* 1906 - [[Nikolai Fyodorov]] establishes [[Russian cosmism]], a spiritual belief system and precursor to transhumanism which advocates for [[physical immortality]], [[space exploration]], and [[digital resurrection|resurrecting the dead through science]].
* 1923 - British scientist and Marxist J. B. S. Haldane publishes Daedalus; or, Science and the Future which offers an early vision of transhumanist thought, particularly concerned with the ethical implications of the advancement of science. He also commented on what has in recent years become known as the "[[yuck factor]]"<ref name="bostromhistory />
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* 1929 - British scientist John Desmond Bernal publishes The World, the Flesh and the Devil, introducing ideas central to transhumanism including liveable space habitats, and the future changes science could bring to human intelligence and physicality.
* 1931 - Amazing Stories publishes "[[The Jameson Satellite]]", a short story by Neil R. Jones, about a man whose corpse is sent into orbit, where it remains near absolute zero for millions of years until a race of cyborgs discovers it, defrosts its brain, and installs it in a robot's body.
* 1932 - [[Brave New World]] is published by Aldous Huxley, brother of Julian Huxley, describing a transhumanist [[dystopia]] where psychological conditioning, promiscuous sexuality, biotechnology, and the opiate drug "soma" keep the population placid in a static, conformist caste society<ref name="bostromhistory />
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* 1935-6 - The French technocrat [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Coutrot Jean Coutrot] uses the word "[[transhumanisme]]" in writings in the French language<ref>[https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01618448/document "Aux origines du mot 'transhumanisme'"] - Analysis by Olivier Dard and Alexandre Moatti</ref><ref>[http://chsp.sciences-po.fr/en/fond-archive/coutrot-jean Coutrot, Jean] - article in SciencesPo Centre d'Histoire</ref>
* 1940 - [[W. D. Lighthall]] is the first person known to use the word 'transhumanism' in the English language. He writes of '[St] Paul's '''Transhumanism'''' possibly in a homage to a 'transhuman change', a heavenwards journey featured in the 1814 English translation of Dante’s Divine Comedy.<ref>[https://academic.oup.com/nq/article/62/3/465/1141551 The History of ‘Transhumanism’]</ref><ref name="namehistory">[http://www.theologyplus.org/the-history-of-the-word-transhumanism/ The History of the Word “Transhumanism”]</ref>
* 1945 - The reaction to the Holocaust where over 6 million Jews and other groups undesirable to the Nazi regime were systemically killed mostly marks the end of western affinity for [[eugenics]] and similar programmes<ref name="bostromhistory />
* 1945 - [[Vannevar Bush]] publishes [[As We May Think]] in <i>The Atlantic</i>,<ref name="bush-as-we-may-think">[https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/303881/ As We May Think] by [[Vannevar Bush]], <i>The Atlantic</i>, July 1945</ref> detailing the concept of a [[memex]] and laying out an early vision of an information society enabled by hypertext and [[Memory augmentation|collective memory]].
* 1948 - Inspired by "The Jameson Satellite" cryonics founder Robert Ettinger publishes his short story "The Penultimate Trump," in Startling Stories. In it, Ettinger proposes cryonics as "one-way medical time travel to the future."
* 1949 - [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]], philosopher and Jesuit priest, paleontologist and geologist who coined the term [[Omega Point Theory|Omega Point]] writes of man 'trans-humanizing' himself<ref>http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=2287&C=2177</ref>