Редактирование: History of cryonics (раздел)

== 1972 - 1981 ==

In 1972, Alcor was founded as a response team for the [[#Cryonics Society of California|Cryonics Society of California]].

In the early 70's, a Bay Area mathematics grad student named Art Quaife, along with electrical engineer John Day and other cryonicists, decided to form [[#Trans Time|Trans Time, Inc.]]. TT's focus was to reboot cryonics as a legitimate business and medical practice. Their perfusion equipment was purchased from [[#Manrise Corporation|Manrise Corporation]] and they developed the first complete business model of cryonics, and were the first to undertake the effort of clarifying legal issues surrounding the practice. They were also the first to actively market cryonics.

Facilities for perfusion and storage were set up in Northen California, on the same year of the first scientific human cryopreservation, that of [[#Ray Mills|Ray Mills]] (pictured). This first step showed the need for research and animal testing in cryonics: The image shows severe edema, due to the use of [[#DMSO|DMSO]] in the perfusion. Dimethyl sulfoxide has excellent cellular permeability, allowing it to cryopreserve the most tissue; however, a factor that was unknown to them was that it caused severe edema, which in turn worsens perfusion by constriction of the blood vessels.

In 1976, the Cryonics Society of Michigan was transformed into the CryonicsInst and the Immortalist Society.

By 1979, Alcor had achieved good control over the perfusion and cooling. The latter, for example, was improved by replacing the use of dry ice cooling with immersion in a bath of isopropanol (Alcohol).