Редактирование: Posthumanism (раздел)

== Forms ==
=== As a critique of humanism ===
''Main:[[Philosophical posthumanism]]''

Posthumanism is often a critique of humanism especially in the context of human exceptionalism, sometimes known as [[antihumanism]].

Humanism, subjective relativism, is fundamentally based on the notion that: "The man is the measure of everything" (Protagoras), and posthumanism critiques this inherent human exceptionalism. Transhumanism is a part of Posthumanism, as Transhumanism specifies that humanity and human condition are defined by the technological context, so the "measure" mentioned by Protagoras changes in time<ref>[http://ieet.org/index.php/IEET/more/lagrandeur20140729 What is the Difference between Posthumanism and Transhumanism?, Kevin LaGrandeur, Ethical Technology]</ref>. This binds the transhumanism idea into the continuation of the philosophical humanist tradition. In Wikipedia, this definition is called: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posthumanism#Philosophical_posthumanism "Philosophical Posthumanism"].

=== Beyond humanity as we know it ===
Other applications of the term included a future subjugated by [[unfriendly AI]], [[aliens]], or other such stagnation of the human condition such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voluntary_Human_Extinction voluntary human extinction].

Examples of futurist posthumanism that doesn't address the human condition explicitly are:
* [[Space seeding]] advocates
* [[Abolitionism|Bioethical abolitionists]]
* [[Transanimists]] - advocates of spreading life throughout the universe
* [[Animal enhancement]] [http://ieet.org/index.php/IEET/more/dvorsky20110729 advocates]

=== As a developed form of transhumanism ===
''Main:[[Posthuman transhumanism]]''

[[Posthuman transhumanism]] can incorporate both 'what comes after' humanity and transhumanism, however is often used [[Transhumanist synonyms and closely related terms|synonymously]] with mainstream [[transhumanist philosophy|transhumanist philosophies]] in highly futuristic scenarios.