Редактирование: Longevity (раздел)

==History==

An early longevist was Luigi Carnaro, a Renaissance-era Venetian who advocated the health benefits of alcohol.<ref name="porter-catastrophe">Porter, Roy (November 23, 2006). "The case of consumption". In Bourriau, Janine. ''Understanding Catastrophe''. Cambridge University Press. p. 185. ISBN [[Wikipedia:Special:BookSources/0521032199|0521032199]]. "Dr Thomas Trotter endorsed the advice of the famous Venetian longevist, Luigi Cornaro, who prescribed at forty, two cordial glasses of wine a day, four at fifty, and six at sixty, while Dr Peter Shaw wrote a book in 1724 to prove – to quote his own title – ''Wine Preferable to Water'', indeed ''A Grand Preserver of Health''."</ref> At age 83, he wrote a discourse on healthy living, which was succeeded by three more such discourses by the time he was 95.<ref name="porter-flesh">Porter, Roy (2003). "The Spectator: the Polite Self in the Polite Body". ''Flesh in the Age of Reason''. Penguin Books. p. 135. ISBN [[Wikipedia:Special:BookSources/9780141912257|9780141912257]]. "An inspiration to all should be the renowned Renaissance longevist Luigi Cornaro, whose tale was told. [...] Eventually, at the ripe old age of 83, he composed his ''Discourse on the Temperate Life'' (1550), which propounded his regimen of health; a second discourse was added at the age of 86, a third at 91 and a fourth at 95."</ref>

Sociologist [[James Hughes]] claims that science has been tied to a cultural narrative of conquering death since the Age of Enlightenment. He cites [[Francis Bacon]] (1561–1626) as an advocate of using science and reason to extend human life, noting Bacon's novel ''[[New Atlantis]]'', wherein scientists worked toward delaying aging and prolonging life. [[Robert Boyle]] (1627–1691), founding member of the Royal Society, also hoped that science would make substantial progress with [[life extension]], according to Hughes, and even proposed such experiments as "to replace the blood of the old with the blood of the young". Biologist [[Alexis Carrel]] (1873–1944) was inspired by a belief in indefinite human lifespan that he developed after experimenting with cells, says Hughes. Hughes also notes [[Eric Drexler]]'s proposal of using [[nanorobotics]] to cure disease and reanimate frozen bodies in his 1986 book ''[[Engines of Creation]]''. In the '80s and '90s, philosophers were pulled together with longevity scientists by the work of [[extropianism]], according to Hughes. Leading [[futurist]] [[Ray Kurzweil]] popularizes a version of [[Singularitarianism]], says Hughes, that focuses on human benefits such as lifespan enhancement. Hughes also highlights Brian Alexander's 2004 book ''Rapture: A Raucous Tour of Cloning, Transhumanism, and the New Era of Immortality'', which chronicles the merging of communities of longevists and genomic scientists, drawing the longevity subculture away from pseudoscience and towards legitimate science.<ref name="hughes">[[James Hughes|Hughes, James]] (October 20, 2011). "Transhumanism". In [[Wikipedia:William_Sims_Bainbridge|Bainbridge, William]]. ''Leadership in Science and Technology: A Reference Handbook''. SAGE Publications. p. 587. ISBN [[Wikipedia:Special:BookSources/1452266522|1452266522]].</ref>

[[Aubrey de Grey]], proponent of the anti-aging movement, is a contemporary example of a prominent thinker on longevism. He was featured along with Ray Kurzweil on the album ''Neon Future I'' by recording artist [[Steve Aoki]], who has been called "one of the most prolific campaigners for life extension".<ref name=tez>Tez, Riva Melissa (May 11, 2015). [https://i-d.vice.com/en_gb/article/steve-aoki-dan-bilzerian-a-giraffe-and-the-search-for-eternal-life "Steve Aoki, Dan Bilzerian, a giraffe and the search for eternal life"]. ''i-D''. VICE. "Unknown to most, Steve is both an undeniable champion of life expansion as well as one of the most prolific campaigners for life extension. Understanding that the depth of his life's experience is limited by time alone, in his latest album Neon Future he pens lyrics such as 'Life has limitless variety... But today, because of ageing, it does not have limitless scope.' [...] Set up by the Steve Aoki Charitable Fund, the profits from the Dan Bilzerian party went to life extension research."</ref> Other modern longevists include writer [[Gennady Stolyarov]], who insists that death is "the enemy of us all, to be fought with medicine, science, and technology",<ref name="stolyarov">Stolyarov, Gennady (November 25, 2013). [http://rationalargumentator.com/Death_is_Wrong_Second_Edition_Full.pdf ''Death is Wrong'' (PDF)]. Rational Argumentator Press. ISBN [[Wikipedia:Special:BookSources/978-0615932040|978-0615932040]].</ref> and philosopher [[Zoltan Istvan]], who proposes that the "transhumanist must safeguard one's own existence above all else".<ref name="istvan">Istvan, Zoltan (October 2, 2014). [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/zoltan-istvan/the-three-laws-of-transhu_b_5853596.html "The Morality of Artificial Intelligence and the Three Laws of Transhumanism"]. Huffington Post.</ref> Futurist [[George Dvorsky]] considers aging to be a problem that desperately needs to be solved.<ref name=aja>[http://america.aljazeera.com/watch/shows/fault-lines/articles/2015/5/7/futurist-itll-start-to-become-ridiculous-not-to-talk-about-curing-aging.html "Futurist: 'I will reap benefits of life extension'"]. ''Al Jazeera America''. May 7, 2015. "To Dvorsky, aging is a problem that’s desperately in need of solving."</ref>