Редактирование: Cryopreservation (раздел)

=== Long Term Storage ===

[[#Whole Body|Whole body]] [[#Patients|patients]] are stored head-down so that in the event of a leak, the head remains immersed, preventing thawing for some time while the problem is solved. More over, boil off of the Liquid Nitrogen happens continuously and the liquid is only replaced occasionally; because of this, parts of the patient could become exposed to Nitrogen vapor until it the dewar is replenished. This temperature changes can cause additional damage and fracturing from thermal stress.

In the [[#1964 - 1972|early years]], [[#Patients|patients]] were stored in horizontal dewars and later vertically but head-up. Head-down storage was proposed, but relatives of patients at the time said it would be disrespectful to store them on their heads.

Proposals of large, multi-thousand-patient storage facilities have been found in Cryonics literature since its inception. An early example is the article written by [[Pauline Mandell]] in Coronet about her son's cryopreservation (See [[#Steven Jay Mandell|Patients]]), in which she mentioned proposals for the construction of large 'cryo-sanctorums' several stories tall to house thousands of patients. While a large facility would have the definite advantage of having boil-off times measured in months or years; a simple leak may prove impossible to repair without transferring the patients to other locations with the same storage capabilities. This would involve significant risk in thawing and a potentially exorbitant cost.

==== HSSV Cryostat ====

==== Upright MVE ====

==== Small MVE ====

==== Neurovault ====

The neurovault or 'cephalarium' used by Alcor was the world's first radiation, fire, earthquake and blast-resistant store of cryopatients.

Currently the Cephalarium lies abandoned behind the Scottsdale facility, while Alcor's [[#Alcor Patient Care Bay|Patient Care Bay]] is only secured on the wall that can be viewed by visitors.

==== Galiso dewar ====

==== Bigfoot ====

==== King Kong ====

The King Kong Kapsule, built by TT engineer John Day, was the largest hard-vacuum dewar ever built, and was designed to hold eleven (Whole body) patients, even though its inside diameter was only 64 inches<ref>http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/tsf/Public-Mail/cryonics/archive/333</ref>. The King Kong was put into service in 1990, when TT had enough patients to justify it. The dewar held eight patients, and never performed to specifications <ref>http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=5404</ref> <ref>http://www.cryonet.org/cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=320</ref>. The Kong's performance was described as "subpar" <ref>John Day, TT's chief of engineering in the October, 1981 issue of Cryonics magazine. "Economics of surrounding a vacuum insulated dewar with additional foam insulation" CRYONICS pp. 13-18</ref> by Trans Time's engineer John Day, as its Liquid Nitrogen boiloff rate was 73 liters per day (1.5% of its capacity boiled off every day). When the Kapsule had 8 patients, this rate works out to a little over 9 liters of Liquid Nitrogen, every day, for every patient: A cost 300% greater than Alcor's<ref>http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/tsf/Public-Mail/cryonics/archive/333</ref>. Because of allthese failures, they never payed more than half the contract price.

The King Kong was finally replaced with a modification of Alcor's design for a four patient dewar, which they called the Son of Kong and had 30% of the boiloff rate of the King Kong.

==== Forever Flask ====

The 'Forever Flask' was the first dewar built by Minnesota Valley Engineering for the storage of cryopatients. It was made by welding together two standard A-8000 MVE dewars (Used for storage of biological specimens: Tissue cultures, bull semen of the Minnesota Valley Breeders Association), which had 25'' neck tube opening; wide enough, but not tall enough, for the storage of two human patients, but not tall enough.

It was built in 1969, using $5,000 of the $11,000 dollars given to CSNY by Nick DeBlasio; and held his late wife and a yet-to-be-identified Beverly Hills woman that [[Robert Nelson]] had frozen.

==== Intermediate Temperature Storage ====