Редактирование: GNPAT (раздел)

==Publications==

{{medline-entry
|title=Plasmalogens Inhibit Endocytosis of Toll-like Receptor 4 to Attenuate the Inflammatory Signal in Microglial Cells.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30128650
|abstract=Microglial activation is a pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases and the role of cellular lipids in these diseases is mostly unknown. It was known that the special ether lipid plasmalogens (Pls) were reduced in the brain and blood samples of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. It has recently been reported that the oral ingestion of scallop-derived Pls (sPls) improved cognition among mild AD patients, which led us to investigate the role of sPls in the microglial activation. We used the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced microglial activation model and found that sPls inhibit the LPS-mediated [[TLR4]] endocytosis and the downstream caspases activation. By using the specific inhibitors, we also confirmed that the [[TLR4]] endocytosis and the caspases activation strictly controlled the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, the reduction of cellular Pls by sh-RNA-mediated knockdown of [[GNPAT]] (glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase), a Pls synthesizing enzyme, enhanced the endocytosis of [[TLR4]] and activation of caspase-3 which resulted in the enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. We also report for the first time that the [[TLR4]] endocytosis was significantly higher in the cortex of aged mice and AD model mice brains, proposing a significant link between the age-related reduction of Pls and microglial activation. Interestingly, the sPls drinking in AD model mice significantly reduced the [[TLR4]] endocytosis. Our cumulative data indicates that the cellular Pls attenuate the microglial activation by maintaining the endocytosis of [[TLR4]], suggesting a possible mechanism of the cognition improvement effect of sPls among mild AD patients.
|mesh-terms=* Acyltransferases
* Aging
* Alzheimer Disease
* Animals
* Brain
* Caspase 3
* Caspase 8
* Cell Nucleus
* Cytokines
* Dynamins
* Endocytosis
* Enzyme Activation
* HEK293 Cells
* Humans
* Inflammation
* Interleukin-1beta
* Lipopolysaccharides
* Membrane Microdomains
* Mice, Inbred C57BL
* Microglia
* NF-kappa B
* Plasmalogens
* RNA, Small Interfering
* Signal Transduction
* Toll-Like Receptor 4
|keywords=* Caspase-3
* Endocytosis
* Plasmalogens
* TLR4
|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.1007/s12035-018-1307-2
}}