Редактирование: GALR1 (раздел)

==Publications==

{{medline-entry
|title=Expression of mRNA for galanin, galanin-like peptide and galanin receptors 1-3 in the ovine hypothalamus and pituitary gland: effects of age and gender.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18829943
|abstract=The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators galanin (GAL) and galanin-like peptide ([[GALP]]) are known to operate through three G protein-coupled receptors, [[GALR1]], [[GALR2]] and [[GALR3]]. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in expression of mRNA for galanin, [[GALP]] and [[GALR1]]-3 in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, of male and female sheep, to determine how expression changed in association with growth and the attainment of reproductive competence. Tissue samples from the hypothalami and pituitary glands were analysed from late foetal and pre-pubertal lambs and adult sheep. Although mRNA for galanin and [[GALR1]]-3 was present in both tissues, at all ages and in both genders, quantification of [[GALP]] mRNA was not possible due to its low levels of expression. mRNA expression for both galanin and its receptors was seen to change significantly in both tissues as a function of age. Specifically, hypothalamic galanin mRNA expression increased with age in the male, but decreased with age in the female pituitary gland. mRNA expression for all receptors increased between foetal and pre-pubertal age groups and decreased significantly between pre-pubertal and adult animals. The results indicate that the expression of mRNA for galanin and its receptors changes dynamically with age and those significant differences exist with regard to tissue type and gender. These changes suggest that galaninergic neuroendocrine systems could be involved in the regulation of ovine growth and or the development of reproductive competence. The roles played by these systems in the sheep, however, may differ from other species, in particular the neuroendocrine link between nutrition and reproduction and [[GALR1]]'s role in pituitary signalling.
|mesh-terms=* Aging
* Animals
* Female
* Galanin
* Galanin-Like Peptide
* Gender Identity
* Gene Expression
* Hypothalamus
* Male
* Pituitary Gland
* RNA, Messenger
* Receptor, Galanin, Type 1
* Receptor, Galanin, Type 2
* Receptor, Galanin, Type 3
* Receptors, Galanin
* Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
* Sheep

|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.1530/REP-08-0266
}}
{{medline-entry
|title=Galanin receptors in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of aged Fischer 344 male rats.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9880045
|abstract=Galanin ([[GAL]]) has been proposed to be an inhibitory modulator of cholinergic memory pathways because it acts within the hippocampus to inhibit the release and antagonize the postsynaptic actions of acetylcholine. Here we have used: 1) slice binding and quantitative autoradiography to assess the density and occupancy of [[GAL]] receptors; and 2) in situ hybridization histochemistry to assess expression of the [[GAL]]R1 receptor subtype in the ventral hippocampus of 3-month-old and 21-month-old Fischer 344 male rats. We detected a small but significant (p < or = 0.0003) age-related reduction in 125I-[[GAL]] binding-site density in the ventral hippocampus and entorhinal cortex under standard binding conditions. Post-hoc analysis indicated that this reduction with age persisted in the [[CA1]] radiatum and entorhinal cortex following GTP-induced desaturation to unmask pre-existent [[GAL]] receptors occupied by endogenous ligand. It was not associated with a significant change in peak [[GAL]]R1 gene expression in the hippocampus. Because a portion of [[GAL]] receptors in this region have been postulated to function as presynaptic auto-receptors on cholinergic fiber terminals, the reduction in [[GAL]] binding sites with age may be a consequence of age-related alterations in [[GAL]] receptor expression by basal forebrain cholinergic neurons which project to the ventral hippocampus.
|mesh-terms=* Aging
* Animals
* Cerebral Ventricles
* DNA, Complementary
* Entorhinal Cortex
* GTP-Binding Proteins
* Gene Expression
* Guanosine Triphosphate
* Hippocampus
* In Situ Hybridization
* Iodine Radioisotopes
* Male
* RNA, Messenger
* Rats
* Rats, Inbred F344
* Receptors, Galanin
* Receptors, Neuropeptide

|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.1016/s0197-4580(98)00085-2
}}