Редактирование: CTH (раздел)

==Publications==

{{medline-entry
|title=Whole Genome Analysis of the Red-Crowned Crane Provides Insight into Avian Longevity.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31940721
|abstract=The red-crowned crane ([i]Grus japonensis[/i]) is an endangered, large-bodied crane native to East Asia. It is a traditional symbol of longevity and its long lifespan has been confirmed both in captivity and in the wild. Lifespan in birds is known to be positively correlated with body size and negatively correlated with metabolic rate, though the genetic mechanisms for the red-crowned crane's long lifespan have not previously been investigated. Using whole genome sequencing and comparative evolutionary analyses against the grey-crowned crane and other avian genomes, including the long-lived common ostrich, we identified redcrowned crane candidate genes with known associations with longevity. Among these are positively selected genes in metabolism and immunity pathways ([i]NDUFA5, [[NDUFA8]], [[NUDT12]], [[SOD3]], [[CTH]] , [[RPA1]], [[PHAX]], [[HNMT]] , [[HS2ST1]] , [[PPCDC]] , [[PSTK]] [[CD8B]], [[GP9]], IL-9R,[/i] and [i]PTPRC[/i]). Our analyses provide genetic evidence for low metabolic rate and longevity, accompanied by possible convergent adaptation signatures among distantly related large and long-lived birds. Finally, we identified low genetic diversity in the red-crowned crane, consistent with its listing as an endangered species, and this genome should provide a useful genetic resource for future conservation studies of this rare and iconic species.
|mesh-terms=* Animals
* Avian Proteins
* Birds
* Endangered Species
* Immunity
* Longevity
* Polymorphism, Genetic
* Species Specificity
* Transcriptome
* Whole Genome Sequencing
|keywords=* genome
* longevity
* red-crowned crane
|full-text-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6999708
}}
{{medline-entry
|title=Anterior Cingulate Structure and Perfusion is Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau among Cognitively Normal Older Adult [[APOE]]ɛ4 Carriers.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31743999
|abstract=Evidence suggests the ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E ([[APOE]]) gene may accelerate an age-related process of cortical thickening and cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although the neural basis of this association remains unclear, evidence suggests it might reflect early neurodegenerative processes. However, to date, associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of neurodegeneration, such as CSF tau, and [[APOE]]-related alterations in ACC cortical thickness ([[CTH]]) and CBF have yet to be explored. The current study explored the interaction of CSF tau and [[APOE]] genotype (ɛ4 , ɛ4-) on FreeSurfer-derived [[CTH]] and arterial spin labeling MRI-measured resting CBF in the ACC (caudal ACC [cACC] and rostral ACC [rACC]) among a sample of 45 cognitively normal older adults. Secondary analyses also examined associations between [[APOE]], [[CTH]]/CBF, and cognitive performance. In the cACC, higher CSF tau was associated with higher [[CTH]] and lower CBF in ɛ4 , whereas these relationships were not evident in ɛ4-. In the rACC, higher CSF tau was associated with higher [[CTH]] for both ɛ4  and ɛ4-, and with lower CBF only in ɛ4 . Significant interactions of CSF tau and [[APOE]] on [[CTH]]/CBF were not observed in two posterior reference regions implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Secondary analyses revealed a negative relationship between cACC [[CTH]] and executive functioning in ɛ4  and a positive relationship in ɛ4-. Findings suggest the presence of an ɛ4-related pattern of increased [[CTH]] and reduced CBF in the ACC that is associated with biomarkers of neurodegeneration and subtle decrements in cognition.

|keywords=* APOE
* Aging
* Alzheimer’s disease
* cerebral blood flow
* cognition
* cognitive decline
* grey matter
* magnetic resonance imaging
* tau proteins
|full-text-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7310575
}}
{{medline-entry
|title=Curious CXR.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31320335
|abstract=A 98-year-old man with 2 days of headache, nausea, malaise and unsteadiness was referred to the ED by his GP with a suspicion of an intracranial bleed. His medical history included atrial fibrillation (AF) (taking warfarin). Observations were SpO2 95% on air, RR24, HR88, BP210/104, GCS14, Temp 34.3. On examination he had bilateral creps and was sleepy but not confused. A septic screen was undertaken and intravenous ceftriaxone given. His [[CTH]] was essentially normal. His CXR is shown in figure 1 emermed;36/7/442/F1F1F1Figure 1Anteropsterior(AP) CXR at presentation. QUESTION: What is the diagnosis?Acute collapse and consolidation secondary to pneumonia.Spontaneous haemothorax.Acute consolidation with underlying old TB.Traumatic lung contusions.
|mesh-terms=* Aged, 80 and over
* Gait Disorders, Neurologic
* Headache
* Humans
* Male
* Nausea
* Pneumonia
* Radiography
* Treatment Outcome
|keywords=* bacterial
* chest
* geriatrics
* infectious diseases
* pneumonia/infections
* x-ray
|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.1136/emermed-2019-208453
}}
{{medline-entry
|title=Mechanochemical Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Aromatic Nitro Derivatives.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30513686
|abstract=Mechanochemical ball milling catalytic transfer hydrogenation ([[CTH]]) of aromatic nitro compounds using readily available and cheap ammonium formate as the hydrogen source is demonstrated as a simple, facile and clean approach for the synthesis of substituted anilines and selected pharmaceutically relevant compounds. The scope of mechanochemical [[CTH]] is broad, as the reduction conditions tolerate various functionalities, for example nitro, amino, hydroxy, carbonyl, amide, urea, amino acid and heterocyclic. The presented methodology was also successfully integrated with other types of chemical reactions previously carried out mechanochemically, such as amide bond formation by coupling amines with acyl chlorides or anhydrides and click-type coupling reactions between amines and iso(thio)cyanates. In this way, we showed that active pharmaceutical ingredients Procainamide and Paracetamol could be synthesized from the respective nitro-precursors on milligram and gram scale in excellent isolated yields.
|mesh-terms=* Aniline Compounds
* Catalysis
* Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
* Hydrogenation
* Nitro Compounds
* Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
|keywords=* aging
* ammonium formate
* aromatic nitro derivatives
* ball milling
* catalytic transfer hydrogenation
* mechanochemistry
* synthesis
|full-text-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6321105
}}