Редактирование: Gerald Gruman (раздел)

'''Gerald J Gruman, MD, PhD''' (1926-2007) was an American medical historian who wrote ''[[A History of Ideas About the Prolongation of Life]]''.<ref name="obit">http://www.whittier-porter.com/Obits/Gerald_Gruman.htm</ref> He was born in Philadelphia and received an undergraduate degree from Cornell University and a medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania. Gruman served as a medical officer for the United States Public Health Service for two years before attending Harvard University and earning a PhD in History of Science. He then taught history at Johns Hopkins University and elsewhere. Gruman also worked as an editor on multiple books and contributed to various history, medicine, and science publications.<ref name="ahoiatpol">''A History of Ideas About the Prolongation of Life''</ref>