Редактирование: PATE1

Prostate and testis expressed protein 1 precursor [PATE]

==Publications==

{{medline-entry
|title=Aged men share the sperm protein [[PATE1]] defect with young asthenozoospermia patients.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25637620
|abstract=Does a defect in the human sperm-located protein prostate and testis expressed 1 ([[PATE1]]) exist in both aged men and young asthenozoospermia patients? A defect in sperm [[PATE1]] exists in both aged men and young asthenozoospermia patients, and an antibody against [[PATE1]] can decrease human sperm motility and zona-free hamster oocyte penetration. Both aged men and young asthenozoospermia patients have poor sperm quality. The [[PATE1]] protein seems to mediate sperm-egg interactions; however, the mechanisms are still unknown. This was a case-control study including 60 young fathers (aged 28-32 years) and 60 aged fathers (68-72 years old) who donated semen by masturbation after 7 days of sexual abstinence. Comparative sperm proteome analysis from the young fathers and aged fathers was performed to discover key proteins. The target protein [[PATE1]] was chosen and validated by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Quantitative assessment of sperm [[PATE1]] protein was performed on sperm from 60 young fathers, 60 aged fathers and 110 young asthenozoospermia patients. Furthermore, an antibody against [[PATE1]] assay was used to test whether [[PATE1]] participated in sperm motility and penetration of zona-free hamster egg. Samples were pooled and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the confidence of proteomic data. Sperm immunofluorescence quantification experiments disclosed whether the aged men indeed shared the same [[PATE1]] defect with 110 young asthenozoospermia patients. The sperm motility test and penetration of zona-free hamster egg assay were performed for [[PATE1]]. Twenty-two sperm proteins with significant differential expression between young adults and aged men were identified (P < 0.05, mean ratio >1.5), including 13 proteins with decreased expressions with aging. Based on bioinformatics, [[PATE1]] was chosen for further study, and exhibited similar changes in expression level and localization on sperm from aged men and young asthenozoospermia patients. Antibody blocking revealed that [[PATE1]] was involved in sperm-egg penetration and sperm motility. Before any clinical application of [[PATE1]] as a biomarker for the diagnosis of male infertility, more cases should be used to evaluate confidence in this approach. This study revealed a common molecular basis underlying the decline in sperm quality in the natural aging process and in young men with asthenozoospermia. The data should greatly contribute to the development of molecular evaluation of sperm quality, and the diagnosis and treatment of asthenozoospermia. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 81300533, 81370013 and 81000277) and Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (ZR2013HQ002, ZR2014HQ068). The authors declare no competing financial interests.
|mesh-terms=* Adult
* Age Factors
* Aged
* Aging
* Animals
* Antibodies
* Asthenozoospermia
* Case-Control Studies
* Cricetinae
* Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
* Female
* Humans
* Male
* Membrane Proteins
* Oocytes
* Proteomics
* Sperm Motility
* Spermatozoa
* Testis
|keywords=* ageing
* human spermatozoa
* male reproductive proteome
* potential clinical biomarker
* youth asthenozoospermia
|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.1093/humrep/dev003
}}