Редактирование: FLT1

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 precursor (EC 2.7.10.1) (VEGFR-1) (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1) (FLT-1) (Tyrosine-protein kinase FRT) (Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT) (FLT) (Vascular permeability factor receptor) [FLT] [FRT] [VEGFR1]

==Publications==

{{medline-entry
|title=Novel molecular mechanisms for the adaptogenic effects of herbal extracts on isolated brain cells using systems biology.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30466987
|abstract=Adaptogens are natural compounds or plant extracts that increase adaptability and survival of organisms under stress. Adaptogens stimulate cellular and organismal defense systems by activating intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways and expression of stress-activated proteins and neuropeptides. The effects adaptogens on mediators of adaptive stress response and longevity signaling pathways have been reported, but their stress-protective mechanisms are still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to identify key molecular mechanisms of adaptogenic plants traditionally used to treat stress and aging-related disorders, i.e., Rhodiola rosea, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Withania somnifera, Rhaponticum carthamoides, and Bryonia alba. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of adaptogens, we conducted RNA sequencing to profile gene expression alterations in T98G neuroglia cells upon treatment of adaptogens and analyzed the relevance of deregulated genes to adaptive stress-response signaling pathways using in silico pathway analysis software. At least 88 of the 3516 genes regulated by adaptogens were closely associated with adaptive stress response and adaptive stress-response signaling pathways (ASRSPs), including neuronal signaling related to corticotropin-releasing hormone, cAMP-mediated, protein kinase A, and CREB; pathways related to signaling involving [[CXCR4]], melatonin, nitric oxide synthase, [[GP6]], Gαs, MAPK, neuroinflammation, neuropathic pain, opioids, renin-angiotensin, AMPK, calcium, and synapses; and pathways associated with dendritic cell maturation and G-coupled protein receptor-mediated nutrient sensing in enteroendocrine cells. All samples tested showed significant effects on the expression of genes encoding neurohormones [[CRH]], GNRH, [[UCN]], G-protein-coupled and other transmembrane receptors [[TLR9]], [[PRLR]], [[CHRNE]], [[GP1BA]], [[PLXNA4]], a ligand-dependent nuclear receptor [[RORA]], transmembrane channels, transcription regulators [[FOS]], [[FOXO6]], [[SCX]], [[STAT5A]], [[ZFPM2]], [[ZNF396]], [[ZNF467]], protein kinases [[MAPK10]], [[MAPK13]], [[MERTK]], [[FLT1]], [[PRKCH]], [[ROS1]], [[TTN]]), phosphatases [[PTPRD]], [[PTPRR]], peptidases, metabolic enzymes, a chaperone (HSPA6), and other proteins, all of which modulate numerous life processes, playing key roles in several canonical pathways involved in defense response and regulation of homeostasis in organisms. It is for the first time we report that the molecular mechanism of actions of melatonin and plant adaptogens are alike, all adaptogens tested activated the melatonin signaling pathway by acting through two G-protein-coupled membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 and upregulation of the ligand-specific nuclear receptor [[RORA]], which plays a role in intellectual disability, neurological disorders, retinopathy, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cancer, which are common in aging. Furthermore, melatonin activated adaptive signaling pathways and upregulated expression of [[UCN]], [[GNRH1]], [[TLR9]], [[GP1BA]], [[PLXNA4]], [[CHRM4]], [[GPR19]], [[VIPR2]], [[RORA]], [[STAT5A]], [[ZFPM2]], [[ZNF396]], [[FLT1]], [[MAPK10]], [[MERTK]], [[PRKCH]], and [[TTN]], which were commonly regulated by all adaptogens tested. We conclude that melatonin is an adaptation hormone playing an important role in regulation of homeostasis. Adaptogens presumably worked as eustressors ("stress-vaccines") to activate the cellular adaptive system by inducing the expression of ASRSPs, which then reciprocally protected cells from damage caused by distress. Functional investigation by interactive pathways analysis demonstrated that adaptogens activated ASRSPs associated with stress-induced and aging-related disorders such as chronic inflammation, cardiovascular health, neurodegenerative cognitive impairment, metabolic disorders, and cancer. This study has elucidated the genome-wide effects of several adaptogenic herbal extracts in brain cells culture. These data highlight the consistent activation of ASRSPs by adaptogens in T98G neuroglia cells. The extracts affected many genes playing key roles in modulation of adaptive homeostasis, indicating their ability to modify gene expression to prevent stress-induced and aging-related disorders. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive look at the molecular mechanisms by which adaptogens exerts stress-protective effects.
|mesh-terms=* Adaptation, Physiological
* Brain
* Bryonia
* Cell Line, Tumor
* Eleutherococcus
* Glioblastoma
* Humans
* Leuzea
* Longevity
* Neuroglia
* Plant Extracts
* Rhodiola
* Signal Transduction
* Systems Biology
* Withania
|keywords=* Adaptogen
* Melatonin
* Pathway analysis
* RNA sequencing
* Rhodiola
* Withania
|full-text-url=https://sci-hub.do/10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.204
}}
{{medline-entry
|title=Analysis of Polymorphisms in 59 Potential Candidate Genes for Association With Human Longevity.
|pubmed-url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29300832
|abstract=Longevity is a polygenic trait in which genetic predisposition is particularly important. We hypothesized that among genes differentially expressed in response to caloric restriction, several may be candidate longevity genes. We tested 459 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 47 genes differentially expressed in calorically restricted mice and 12 other genes for association with longevity. Subjects were American men of Japanese ancestry, 440 aged ≥95 years and 374 with an average life span. Based on a dominant model of inheritance, an association with longevity at the p < .05 level was seen for SNPs in 13 of the genes. Testing by all possible models increased the number of genes to 18. After correction for multiple testing, four genes retained significance, namely, [[MAP3K5]] (p = .00004), [[SIRT7]] (p = .00004), [[SIRT5]] (p = .0007), and [[PIK3R1]] (p = .01). In a dominant model, association with longevity was seen for multiple adjacent SNPs within two of these genes ([[MAP3K5]] and [[PIK3R1]]), as well as in [[FLT1]], consistent with linkage disequilibrium with a causative variant in the vicinity of each respective SNP set. [[MAP3K5]] and [[FLT1]] haplotypes were associated with longevity. In conclusion, the present study implicates variation in [[MAP3K5]], [[FLT1]], [[PIK3R1]], [[SIRT7]], and [[SIRT5]] in human longevity.
|mesh-terms=* Aged, 80 and over
* Asian Continental Ancestry Group
* Case-Control Studies
* Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
* Gene Frequency
* Haplotypes
* Humans
* Japan
* Linkage Disequilibrium
* Longevity
* MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5
* Male
* Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
* Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
* Sirtuins
* Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1

|full-text-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175033
}}