SMS
Spermine synthase (EC 2.5.1.22) (SPMSY) (Spermidine aminopropyltransferase)
Publications[править]
Music-based interventions appear to be efficient approaches to improve emotional, social, and cognitive functioning of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Because benefits seem to increase with patient's motor involvement, we studied sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) abilities of patients with cognitive impairments (Alzheimer's disease, vascular and mixed dementia) and of patients with no evidence of cognitive impairments. More specifically, we compared the impact of a live performance by a musician to a video recording on SMS. SMS to a metronomic or a musical stimulus was assessed while patients watched a live musician or his pre-recorded video. SMS to a metronome was better than to music but this effect was modulated by the social context. While SMS to a metronome was better when facing a video than a live performance, there was no impact of social context on SMS to music. No group differences of SMS were found. The decrease in SMS to a metronome in a live performance may be due to social pressure. Such a pressure might be removed in pleasant social activities, like moving with music in a group, explaining the lack of effect on SMS to music. We found no performance differences in groups, suggesting relatively spared SMS in cognitively impaired patients. By showing that it is possible to encourage patients to synchronize with others, even when facing a video, our results indicate that SMS can be used as a relevant predictor in clinical trials and open up promising therapeutic options for isolated patients.
Keywords
- Aging
- Alzheimer’s disease
- cognitive impairment
- dementia
- motor activity
- music therapy
- social interaction
Physical inactivity is a key risk factor for a range of chronic diseases and conditions, yet, approximately 50% of U.S. adults fall below recommended levels of regular aerobic physical activity (PA). This is particularly true for ethnic minority populations such as Latino adults for whom few culturally adapted programs have been developed and tested. Text messaging (SMS) represents a convenient and accessible communication channel for delivering targeted PA information and support, but has not been rigorously evaluated against standard telehealth advising programs. The objective of the On The Move randomized controlled trial is to test the effectiveness of a linguistically and culturally targeted SMS PA intervention (SMS PA Advisor) versus two comparison conditions: a) a standard, staff-delivered phone PA intervention (Telephone PA Advisor) and b) an attention-control arm consisting of a culturally targeted SMS intervention to promote a healthy diet (SMS Nutrition Advisor). The study sample (N = 350) consists of generally healthy, insufficiently active Latino adults ages 35 years and older living in five northern California counties. Study assessments occur at baseline, 6, and 12 months, with a subset of participants completing 18-month assessments. The primary outcome is 12-month change in walking, and secondary outcomes include other forms of PA, assessed via validated self-report measures and supported by accelerometry, and physical function and well-being variables. Potential mediators and moderators of intervention success will be explored to better determine which subgroups do best with which type of intervention. Here we present the study design and methods, including recruitment strategies and yields. Trial Registration: clinicaltrial.gov Identifier = NCT02385591.
Keywords
- Aging
- Digital health
- Latino
- Physical activity
- Text-messaging
- mHealth
We provide a systematic review of interventions utilizing mobile technology to alter physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep among adults aged 50 years and older. A systematic search identified 52 relevant articles (randomized control trial [RCT], quasi-experimental, pre/post single-group design). Of 50 trials assessing physical activity, 17 out of 29 RCTs and 13 out of 21 trials assessed for pre/post changes only supported the effectiveness of mobile interventions to improve physical activity, and 9 studies (five out of 10 RCTs and all four pre/post studies) out of 14 reduced sedentary behavior. Only two of five interventions improved sleep (one out of two RCTs and one out of three pre/post studies). Text messaging was the most frequently used intervention (60% of all studies) but was usually used in combination with other components (79% of hybrid interventions included SMS, plus either web or app components). Although more high-quality RCTs are needed, there is evidence supporting the effectiveness of mHealth approaches in those aged 50 years and older.
MeSH Terms
- Aged
- Exercise
- Health Promotion
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Sedentary Behavior
- Sleep
- Telemedicine
Keywords
- aging
- behavior change
- mHealth
- smartphones
- technologies
Accumulating evidence suggests that the senescence-messaging secretome (SMS) factors released by senescent cells play a key role in cellular senescence and physiological aging. Phenomenon of the senescence induction in human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MESCs) in response to SMS factors has not yet been described. In present study, we examine a hypothesis whether the conditioned medium from senescent cells (CM-old) may promote premature senescence of young MESCs. In this case, we assume that SMS factors, containing in CM-old are capable to trigger senescence mechanism in a paracrine manner. A long-term cultivation MESCs in the presence of CM-old caused deceleration of cell proliferation along with emerging senescence phenotype, including increase in both the cell size and SA-β-Gal activity. The phosphorylation of p53 and MAPKAPK-2, a direct target of p38MAPK, as well as the expression of p21Cip1 and p16Ink4a were increased in CM-old treated cells with senescence developing whereas the Rb phosphorylation was diminished. The senescence progression was accompanied by both enhanced ROS generation and persistent activation of DNA damage response, comprising protein kinase ATM, histone H2A.X, and adapter protein 53BP1. Thus, we suggest that a senescence inducing signal is transmitted through p16/MAPKAPK-2/Rb and DDR-mediated p53/p21/Rb signaling pathways. This study is the first to demonstrate that the SMS factors secreted in conditioned medium of senescent MESCs trigger a paracrine mechanism of premature senescence in young cells.
MeSH Terms
- Cell Communication
- Cell Line
- Cellular Senescence
- Endometrium
- Female
- Humans
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
- Proteome
- Signal Transduction
Keywords
- DNA damage response
- Mesenchymal stem cells
- SASP
- Senescence propagation
- Signaling pathway
- Stress-induced senescence
Cellular senescence restricts the proliferative capacity of cells and is accompanied by the production of several proteins, collectively termed the "senescence-messaging secretome" (SMS). As senescent cells accumulate in tissue, local effects of the SMS have been hypothesized to disrupt tissue regenerative capacity. Klotho functions as an aging-suppressor gene, and Klotho-deficient (kl/kl) mice exhibit an accelerated aging-like phenotype that includes a truncated lifespan, arteriosclerosis, and emphysema. Because plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN), is elevated in kl/kl mice and is a critical determinant of replicative senescence in vitro, we hypothesized that a reduction in extracellular proteolytic activity contributes to the accelerated aging-like phenotype of kl/kl mice. Here we show that PAI-1 deficiency retards the development of senescence and protects organ structure and function while prolonging the lifespan of kl/kl mice. These findings indicate that a SERPIN-regulated cell-nonautonomous proteolytic cascade is a critical determinant of senescence in vivo.
MeSH Terms
- Aging
- Animals
- Cellular Senescence
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16
- Extracellular Space
- Female
- Glucuronidase
- Hemorrhagic Disorders
- Longevity
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Phenotype
- Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
- Proteolysis
- Serpin E2
- Telomere
Keywords
- FGF23
- IGFBP3
- IL-6
- TM5441